Height and Weight Chart

Head circumference

Head circumference is a measurement of the circumference of the child's head at its largest area (above the eyebrows and ears and around the back of the head). During routine check-ups, the distance is measured and compared to previous measurements. Normal ranges are based on sex and age.

Height/weight chart

A chart may be used to measure and compare a child's growth to a standard range. The parameters to be measured and charted are height, weight, and head circumference.

Information

A growth chart is used to measure and compare a child's growth with what is considered normal for that child's age and gender. The nationally accepted growth charts are based on measurement data collected by the National Center for Health Statistics. The parameters measured include height, weight, and head circumference.

Height and weight measurements are used to document a child's height or length (in inches or centimeters), weight (in ounces and pounds, or grams and kilograms), based on his age in weeks, months, and years. For children under 3 years, height is measured while they are lying down. For children over 3, height is measured while standing. Height and weight measurements are recorded and graphed until the child is 17.

Head circumference is a measurement of the size of the head taken by wrapping a tape measure above the eyebrows and around to the back of head.

Measurements are compared to the standard (normal) range for children of the same gender and age. Results are read as percentiles of average. For example, a child with a height at the 75th percentile means that only about 25% of children the same age and gender are taller and about 75% of children are shorter.

Growth charts are important in that they may provide an early warning that the child has a medical problem. For instance, during the first 18 months of life and particularly during early infancy, abnormal growth of the head can alert the doctor to a problem.

Growth that is too rapid may indicate the presence of hydrocephalus (water around the brain), a brain tumor, or other conditions that cause macrocephaly (abnormally large head). Growth that is too slow may indicate problems in brain development, early fusion of sutures (the bones of the skull), or other problems.

Insufficient gain in weight, height or a combination may indicate failure-to-thrive, chronic illness, neglect, or other problems.

Abnormal growth as seen on the growth charts is only an indicator of a potential problem. Your doctor will determine if it represents an actual medical problem or simply needs to be followed carefully. Because of individual variations in genetics and hormones, growth charts are not an accurate predictor of a child's future, full-grown height.